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DragonRank Campaign: The Silent Surge of SEO Poisoning

DragonRank Campaign: The Silent Surge of SEO Poisoning

Dragon RankSEO PoisoningIIS ServersBad IISBlack Hat SEO

The DragonRank campaign targets IIS servers across Asia and Europe to manipulate search engine algorithms, using malware like BadIIS and PlugX to boost malicious sites' visibility through SEO poisoning.

Indicators of Compromise

Domains (5)

ddos.tttseo.coma.googie.pwmail.tttseo.comtttseo.comadmin1.tttseo.com

Hashes (3)

046a03725df3104d02fa33c22e919cc73bed6fd6a905098e98c07f0f1b67fadb785d92dc175cb6b7889f07aa2a65d6c99e59dc1bbc9edb8f5827668fd249fa2ef748b210677a44597a724126a3d97173d97840b59d6deaf010c370657afc01f8

Notes

<span id="docs-internal-guid-3b3726d2-7fff-29bf-5886-3ac525a00590"><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">CONCLUSION&nbsp;</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">The DragonRank campaign highlights the growing threat posed by </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">black hat SEO techniques</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> and the exploitation of </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">IIS servers</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">. By using malware like </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">BadIIS</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> and </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">PlugX</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">, attackers manipulate search engine rankings, enhancing the visibility of malicious sites and putting global organizations at risk.</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">SOCRadar can help its clients by offering </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Advanced Dark Web Monitoring</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> and </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Attack Surface Management</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">, identifying compromised servers early and mitigating SEO manipulation risks. Additionally, </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Cyber Threat Intelligence</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> and </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Brand Protection</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> services can prevent reputational damage by detecting and countering malicious activities targeting their online presence.</span></p><div><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br></span></div></span>

Mitigation

<span id="docs-internal-guid-7712941c-7fff-6204-2e25-d949cd89680b"><p style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;">MITIGATION</p><p style="line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1033/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1033 - System Owner/User Discovery&nbsp;</span></a></p><br><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1082 - System Information Discovery</span></a></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1555 - Credentials from Password Stores</span></a></p><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:95.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1027"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1027</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1027"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Password Policies</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;padding:0pt 0pt 12pt 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">The password for the user's login keychain can be changed from the user's login password. This increases the complexity for an adversary because they need to know an additional password.</span></p><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Organizations may consider weighing the risk of storing credentials in password stores and web browsers. If system, software, or web browser credential disclosure is a significant concern, technical controls, policy, and user training may be used to prevent storage of credentials in improper locations.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit the number of accounts and services with permission to query information from password stores to only those required. Ensure that accounts and services with permissions to query password stores only have access to the secrets they require.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1051"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1051</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1051"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Update Software</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Perform regular software updates to mitigate exploitation risk.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><br></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1016 - System Network Configuration Discovery</span></a></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1070/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1070 - Indicator Removal on Host</span></a></p><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1041"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1041</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1041"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Encrypt Sensitive Information</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Obfuscate/encrypt event files locally and in transit to avoid giving feedback to an adversary.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1029"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1029</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1029"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Remote Data Storage</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Automatically forward events to a log server or data repository to prevent conditions in which the adversary can locate and manipulate data on the local system. When possible, minimize time delay on event reporting to avoid prolonged storage on the local system.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1022"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1022</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1022"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Restrict File and Directory Permissions</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Protect generated event files that are stored locally with proper permissions and authentication and limit opportunities for adversaries to increase privileges by preventing Privilege Escalation opportunities.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><br></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1057/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1057 - Process Discovery</span></a></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1069/001/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1069.001 - Local Groups</span></a></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.</span></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1098 - Account Manipulation</span></a></p><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1032"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1032</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1032"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Multi-factor Authentication</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use multi-factor authentication for user and privileged accounts.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1030</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Segmentation</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Configure access controls and firewalls to limit access to critical systems and domain controllers. Most cloud environments support separate virtual private cloud (VPC) instances that enable further segmentation of cloud systems.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1028</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Operating System Configuration</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Protect domain controllers by ensuring proper security configuration for critical servers to limit access by potentially unnecessary protocols and services, such as SMB file sharing.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Do not allow domain administrator accounts to be used for day-to-day operations that may expose them to potential adversaries on unprivileged systems.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1018</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Account Management</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Ensure that low-privileged user accounts do not have permissions to modify accounts or account-related policies.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><br></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1136 - Create Account</span></a></p><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1032"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1032</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1032"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Multi-factor Authentication</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use multi-factor authentication for user and privileged accounts.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1030</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Segmentation</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Configure access controls and firewalls to limit access to domain controllers and systems used to create and manage accounts.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1028</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Operating System Configuration</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Protect domain controllers by ensuring proper security configuration for critical servers.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit the number of accounts with permissions to create other accounts. Do not allow domain administrator accounts to be used for day-to-day operations that may expose them to potential adversaries on unprivileged systems.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><br></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1105 - Ingress Tool Transfer</span></a></p><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:83.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware or unusual data transfer over known protocols like FTP can be used to mitigate activity at the network level. Signatures are often for unique indicators within protocols and may be based on the specific obfuscation technique used by a particular adversary or tool, and will likely be different across various malware families and versions. Adversaries will likely change tool C2 signatures over time or construct protocols in such a way as to avoid detection by common defensive tools.</span><a href="https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.1136.pdf"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[525]</span></a></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 12pt;"><br></p><p style="line-height: 1.38; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">T1021.001 - Remote Desktop Protocol</span></a></p><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;text-align: center;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:43pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1047</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Audit</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Audit the Remote Desktop Users group membership regularly. Remove unnecessary accounts and groups from Remote Desktop Users groups.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1042</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable or Remove Feature or Program</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable the RDP service if it is unnecessary.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1035"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1035</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1035"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit Access to Resource Over Network</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use remote desktop gateways.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1032"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1032</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1032"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Multi-factor Authentication</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use multi-factor authentication for remote logins.</span><a href="https://security.berkeley.edu/node/94"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[64]</span></a></p></td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1030</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Segmentation</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Do not leave RDP accessible from the internet. Enable firewall rules to block RDP traffic between network security zones within a network.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1028</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Operating System Configuration</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Change GPOs to define shorter timeouts sessions and maximum amount of time any single session can be active. Change GPOs to specify the maximum amount of time that a disconnected session stays active on the RD session host server.</span><a href="https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc754272(v=ws.11).aspx"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[65]</span></a></p></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Consider removing the local Administrators group from the list of groups allowed to log in through RDP.</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1018</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Account Management</span></a></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit remote user permissions if remote access is necessary.</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></span>