GeoServer Flaw Powers Earth Baxia's Espionage Campaign in APAC

EarthBaxiaGeoServerVulnerabilityCVE2024-36401EAGLEDOORBackdoorRemoteCodeExecution

Earth Baxia exploits a critical GeoServer vulnerability to infiltrate systems across the APAC region, gaining remote code execution to deploy malicious software. Using tools like Cobalt Strike, they target sensitive sectors such as government and energy. A key feature of this campaign is the use of the EAGLEDOOR backdoor, enabling data theft and prolonged control over compromised systems.

Indicators of Compromise

Domains (9)

rocean.oca.picsstatus.s3cloud-azure.comstatic.trendmicrotech.comvisualstudio-microsoft.comstatic.krislab.sitems1.hinet.latus2.s3bucket-azure.onlineapi.s2cloud-amazon.commsa.hinet.ink

Hashes (25)

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IPv4 (4)

188.166.252.85152.42.243.170167.172.84.142167.172.89.142

CVEs (1)

CVE-2024-36401

APT Groups

Earth Baxia

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Notes

<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">CONCLUSION<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">In conclusion, the Earth Baxia cyber espionage campaign is a highly sophisticated and dangerous threat, particularly to government, energy, and telecommunications sectors across the APAC region. By exploiting the critical vulnerability in GeoServer (CVE-2024-36401), the attackers have gained remote access to sensitive systems, deploying advanced tools like Cobalt Strike and the EAGLEDOOR backdoor. The campaign's long-term persistence and ability to exfiltrate sensitive data make it a significant risk to both national security and economic stability in the affected regions. Proactive monitoring, timely patching, and advanced threat detection are essential to mitigate the potential damage from this ongoing operation.<div><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> </div>

Mitigation

<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">MITIGATION<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1218.011 - System Binary Proxy Execution: Rundll32 <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1050"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(74, 134, 232); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1050</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1050"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(74, 134, 232); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Exploit Protection</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Microsoft's Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit (EMET) Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) feature can be used to block methods of using rundll32.exe to bypass application control.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1071.004 - DNS <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1037"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1037</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1037"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Filter Network Traffic</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Consider filtering DNS requests to unknown, untrusted, or known bad domains and resources. Resolving DNS requests with on-premise/proxy servers may also disrupt adversary attempts to conceal data within DNS packets.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1587.003 - Digital Certificates <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1056</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-compromise</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on behaviors performed outside of the scope of enterprise defenses and controls.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1587.001 - Malware <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1056</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-compromise</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on behaviors performed outside of the scope of enterprise defenses and controls.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1573.001 - Symmetric Cryptography <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1566.001 - Spearphishing Attachment <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:43pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1049"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1049</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1049"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Antivirus/Antimalware</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Anti-virus can also automatically quarantine suspicious files.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion prevention systems and systems designed to scan and remove malicious email attachments can be used to block activity.</td></tr><tr style="height:69.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1021"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1021</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1021"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Restrict Web-Based Content</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Block unknown or unused attachments by default that should not be transmitted over email as a best practice to prevent some vectors, such as .scr, .exe, .pif, .cpl, etc. Some email scanning devices can open and analyze compressed and encrypted formats, such as zip and rar that may be used to conceal malicious attachments.</td></tr><tr style="height:69.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1054"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1054</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1054"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Software Configuration</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use anti-spoofing and email authentication mechanisms to filter messages based on validity checks of the sender domain (using SPF) and integrity of messages (using DKIM). Enabling these mechanisms within an organization (through policies such as DMARC) may enable recipients (intra-org and cross domain) to perform similar message filtering and validation.<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/office-365-security/anti-spoofing-protection?view=o365-worldwide"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[255]</a><a href="https://www.cyber.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-03/spoof_email_sender_policy_framework.pdf"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[256]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1017</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Training</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Users can be trained to identify social engineering techniques and spearphishing emails.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1140 - Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(57, 67, 76); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1190 - Exploit Public-Facing Application <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1048"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1048</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1048"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Application Isolation and Sandboxing</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Application isolation will limit what other processes and system features the exploited target can access.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1050"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1050</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1050"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Exploit Protection</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Web Application Firewalls may be used to limit exposure of applications to prevent exploit traffic from reaching the application.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1030</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Segmentation</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Segment externally facing servers and services from the rest of the network with a DMZ or on separate hosting infrastructure.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use least privilege for service accounts will limit what permissions the exploited process gets on the rest of the system.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1051"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1051</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1051"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Update Software</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Update software regularly by employing patch management for externally exposed applications.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1016"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1016</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1016"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Vulnerability Scanning</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Regularly scan externally facing systems for vulnerabilities and establish procedures to rapidly patch systems when critical vulnerabilities are discovered through scanning and through public disclosure.<a href="https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_Top_Ten_Project"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[8]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1055 - Process Injection <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1040"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1040</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1040"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Behavior Prevention on Endpoint</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Some endpoint security solutions can be configured to block some types of process injection based on common sequences of behavior that occur during the injection process. For example, on Windows 10, Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules may prevent Office applications from code injection. <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/microsoft-365/security/defender-endpoint/attack-surface-reduction"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[85]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:69.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Utilize Yama (ex: /proc/sys/kernel/yama/ptrace_scope) to mitigate ptrace based process injection by restricting the use of ptrace to privileged users only. Other mitigation controls involve the deployment of security kernel modules that provide advanced access control and process restrictions such as SELinux, grsecurity, and AppArmor.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1547.009 - Shortcut Modification <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:70pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1018</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit permissions for who can create symbolic links in Windows to appropriate groups such as Administrators and necessary groups for virtualization. This can be done through GPO: Computer Configuration > [Policies] > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Local Policies > User Rights Assignment: Create symbolic links. <a href="https://www.stigviewer.com/stig/windows_server_2008_r2_member_server/2015-06-25/finding/V-26482"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[35]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1071.003 - Mail Protocols <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1588.001 - Malware <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1056</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-compromise</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on behaviors performed outside of the scope of enterprise defenses and controls.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1036.004 - Masquerade Task or Service<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features. <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1059.001 - PowerShell <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:43pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1049"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1049</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1049"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Antivirus/Antimalware</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Anti-virus can be used to automatically quarantine suspicious files.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1045"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1045</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1045"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Code Signing</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Set PowerShell execution policy to execute only signed scripts.</td></tr><tr style="height:81.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1042</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable or Remove Feature or Program</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">It may be possible to remove PowerShell from systems when not needed, but a review should be performed to assess the impact to an environment, since it could be in use for many legitimate purposes and administrative functions.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable/restrict the WinRM Service to help prevent uses of PowerShell for remote execution.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1038"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1038</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1038"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Execution Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use application control where appropriate. PowerShell Constrained Language mode can be used to restrict access to sensitive or otherwise dangerous language elements such as those used to execute arbitrary Windows APIs or files (e.g., <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(28, 34, 38); background-color: rgb(230, 230, 230); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Add-Type<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">).<a href="https://devblogs.microsoft.com/powershell/powershell-constrained-language-mode/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[270]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:94.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">When PowerShell is necessary, consider restricting PowerShell execution policy to administrators. Be aware that there are methods of bypassing the PowerShell execution policy, depending on environment configuration.<a href="https://blog.netspi.com/15-ways-to-bypass-the-powershell-execution-policy/"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[271]</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">PowerShell JEA (Just Enough Administration) may also be used to sandbox administration and limit what commands admins/users can execute through remote PowerShell sessions.<a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/scripting/learn/remoting/jea/overview?view=powershell-7.3"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[272]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1588.002 - Tool <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1056</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-compromise</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on behaviors performed outside of the scope of enterprise defenses and controls.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1584.006 - Web Services <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1056</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1056"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Pre-compromise</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on behaviors performed outside of the scope of enterprise defenses and controls.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1027 - Obfuscated Files or Information <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1049"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1049</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1049"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Antivirus/Antimalware</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Anti-virus can be used to automatically detect and quarantine suspicious files. Consider utilizing the Antimalware Scan Interface (AMSI) on Windows 10+ to analyze commands after being processed/interpreted. <a href="https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/microsoftsecure/2015/06/09/windows-10-to-offer-application-developers-new-malware-defenses/?source=mmpc"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[175]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1047</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Audit</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Consider periodic review of common fileless storage locations (such as the Registry or WMI repository) to potentially identify abnormal and malicious data.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1040"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1040</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1040"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Behavior Prevention on Endpoint</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">On Windows 10+, enable Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules to prevent execution of potentially obfuscated payloads. <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/microsoft-365/security/defender-endpoint/attack-surface-reduction"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[176]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1017</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Training</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Ensure that a finite amount of ingress points to a software deployment system exist with restricted access for those required to allow and enable newly deployed software.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1102.002 - Bidirectional Communication <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1021"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1021</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1021"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Restrict Web-Based Content</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Web proxies can be used to enforce external network communication policy that prevents use of unauthorized external services.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1071.001 - Web Protocols <div style="margin-left:-1.5pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:56.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.75pt;border-top:solid #dee2e6 1.5pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.</td></tr></tbody></table></div>