Fake CAPTCHAs Unleash Lumma and Amadey Malware

LummaMalwareAmadeyTrojanFakeCAPTCHARemoteAccessMalware

The Lumma and Amadey malware campaign deploys fake CAPTCHA screens to deceive users into unwittingly downloading malicious software. When engaged, this malware enables covert data theft, system breaches, and remote access, showcasing a clever evasion tactic that slips past standard security measures.

Indicators of Compromise

Hashes (4)

824581f9f267165b7561388925f69d3ae3274bc41f121b918ebb66e2f0cbfe29525abe8da7ca32f163d93268c509a4c5ee2ff2c8f49ca29fe18e8d18b76d4108

Notes

<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">CONCLUSION<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">The Lumma and Amadey malware campaign reveals how threat actors use innovative social engineering tactics, like fake CAPTCHA prompts, to evade detection and infect systems with stealthy malware. Given the targeted sectors and the malware’s potential for data theft and system compromise, organizations need comprehensive threat visibility and timely detection to protect their critical assets.<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">SOCRadar's <a href="https://socradar.io/products/extended-threat-intelligence/"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(17, 85, 204); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">Extended Threat Intelligence (XTI)</a><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> module is crucial in combating such sophisticated threats. This module, with its advanced monitoring and detection capabilities, can help identify malicious campaigns early by providing real-time alerts on emerging social engineering tactics, malware activities, and indicators of compromise (IOCs). By leveraging SOCRadar’s XTI, organizations gain proactive defense capabilities, enhancing their resilience against hidden threats like Lumma and Amadey before they escalate.<div><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> </div>

Mitigation

<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">MITIGATION <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1557 - Man-in-the-Middle <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1042</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable or Remove Feature or Program</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable legacy network protocols that may be used to intercept network traffic if applicable, especially those that are not needed within an environment.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1041"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1041</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1041"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Encrypt Sensitive Information</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Ensure that all wired and/or wireless traffic is encrypted appropriately. Use best practices for authentication protocols, such as Kerberos, and ensure web traffic that may contain credentials is protected by SSL/TLS.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1037"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1037</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1037"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Filter Network Traffic</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use network appliances and host-based security software to block network traffic that is not necessary within the environment, such as legacy protocols that may be leveraged for AiTM conditions.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1035"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1035</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1035"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit Access to Resource Over Network</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit access to network infrastructure and resources that can be used to reshape traffic or otherwise produce AiTM conditions.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that can identify traffic patterns indicative of AiTM activity can be used to mitigate activity at the network level.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1030</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1030"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Segmentation</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network segmentation can be used to isolate infrastructure components that do not require broad network access. This may mitigate, or at least alleviate, the scope of AiTM activity.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1017</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Training</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Train users to be suspicious about certificate errors. Adversaries may use their own certificates in an attempt to intercept HTTPS traffic. Certificate errors may arise when the application’s certificate does not match the one expected by the host.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1053 - Scheduled Task/Job <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1047</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Audit</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Toolkits like the PowerSploit framework contain PowerUp modules that can be used to explore systems for permission weaknesses in scheduled tasks that could be used to escalate privileges. <a href="https://github.com/mattifestation/PowerSploit"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[8]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:82pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1028</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Operating System Configuration</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Configure settings for scheduled tasks to force tasks to run under the context of the authenticated account instead of allowing them to run as SYSTEM. The associated Registry key is located at <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: " color: rgb(28, 34, 38); background-color: rgb(230, 230, 230); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\SubmitControl<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">. The setting can be configured through GPO: Computer Configuration > [Policies] > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Local Policies > Security Options: Domain Controller: Allow server operators to schedule tasks, set to disabled. <a href="https://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj852168.aspx"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[9]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:68.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Configure the Increase Scheduling Priority option to only allow the Administrators group the rights to schedule a priority process. This can be can be configured through GPO: Computer Configuration > [Policies] > Windows Settings > Security Settings > Local Policies > User Rights Assignment: Increase scheduling priority. <a href="https://technet.microsoft.com/library/dn221960.aspx"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[10]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:68.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1022"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1022</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1022"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Restrict File and Directory Permissions</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Restrict access by setting directory and file permissions that are not specific to users or privileged accounts.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1018</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit privileges of user accounts and remediate Privilege Escalation vectors so only authorized administrators can create scheduled tasks on remote systems.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1558 - Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:68.5pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1015"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1015</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1015"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Active Directory Configuration</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">For containing the impact of a previously generated golden ticket, reset the built-in KRBTGT account password twice, which will invalidate any existing golden tickets that have been created with the KRBTGT hash and other Kerberos tickets derived from it. For each domain, change the KRBTGT account password once, force replication, and then change the password a second time. Consider rotating the KRBTGT account password every 180 days.<a href="https://www.stigviewer.com/stig/windows_server_2016/2019-12-12/finding/V-91779"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[3]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1047</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Audit</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1043"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1043</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1043"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Credential Access Protection</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">On Linux systems, protect resources with Security Enhanced Linux (SELinux) by defining entry points, process types, and file labels.<a href="https://labs.portcullis.co.uk/download/eu-18-Wadhwa-Brown-Where-2-worlds-collide-Bringing-Mimikatz-et-al-to-UNIX.pdf"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[4]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1041"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1041</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1041"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Encrypt Sensitive Information</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Enable AES Kerberos encryption (or another stronger encryption algorithm), rather than RC4, where possible.<a href="https://adsecurity.org/?p=2293"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[5]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1027"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1027</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1027"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Password Policies</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Ensure strong password length (ideally 25+ characters) and complexity for service accounts and that these passwords periodically expire.<a href="https://adsecurity.org/?p=2293"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[5]</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> Also consider using Group Managed Service Accounts or another third party product such as password vaulting.<a href="https://adsecurity.org/?p=2293"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[5]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:67.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit domain admin account permissions to domain controllers and limited servers. Delegate other admin functions to separate accounts.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit service accounts to minimal required privileges, including membership in privileged groups such as Domain Administrators.<a href="https://adsecurity.org/?p=2293"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[5]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1555 - Credentials from Password Stores <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:94pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1027"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1027</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1027"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Password Policies</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">The password for the user's login keychain can be changed from the user's login password. This increases the complexity for an adversary because they need to know an additional password.<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Organizations may consider weighing the risk of storing credentials in password stores and web browsers. If system, software, or web browser credential disclosure is a significant concern, technical controls, policy, and user training may be used to prevent storage of credentials in improper locations.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit the number of accounts and services with permission to query information from password stores to only those required. Ensure that accounts and services with permissions to query password stores only have access to the secrets they require.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1051"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1051</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1051"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Update Software</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Perform regular software updates to mitigate exploitation risk.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1219 - Remote Access Software <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1042</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable or Remove Feature or Program</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Consider disabling unnecessary remote connection functionality, including both unapproved software installations and specific features built into supported applications.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1038"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1038</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1038"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Execution Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use application control to mitigate installation and use of unapproved software that can be used for remote access.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1037"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1037</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1037"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Filter Network Traffic</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Properly configure firewalls, application firewalls, and proxies to limit outgoing traffic to sites and services used by remote access software.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures may be able to prevent traffic to remote access services.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1185 -<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> Browser Session Hijacking <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1018</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Since browser pivoting requires a high integrity process to launch from, restricting user permissions and addressing Privilege Escalation and <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Bypass User Account Control</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> opportunities can limit the exposure to this technique.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1017</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1017"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Training</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: transparent; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Close all browser sessions regularly and when they are no longer needed.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1087 - Account Discovery <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:82pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1028</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1028"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Operating System Configuration</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Prevent administrator accounts from being enumerated when an application is elevating through UAC since it can lead to the disclosure of account names. The Registry key is located <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: " color: rgb(28, 34, 38); background-color: rgb(230, 230, 230); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">HKLM\ SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\CredUI\EnumerateAdministrators<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">. It can be disabled through GPO: Computer Configuration > [Policies] > Administrative Templates > Windows Components > Credential User Interface: E numerate administrator accounts on elevation. <a href="https://www.stigviewer.com/stig/microsoft_windows_server_2012_member_server/2013-07-25/finding/WN12-CC-000077"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[9]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1018</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1018"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1059 - Command and Scripting Interpreter <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1049"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1049</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1049"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Antivirus/Antimalware</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Anti-virus can be used to automatically quarantine suspicious files.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1047</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1047"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Audit</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Inventory systems for unauthorized command and scripting interpreter installations.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1040"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1040</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1040"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Behavior Prevention on Endpoint</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">On Windows 10, enable Attack Surface Reduction (ASR) rules to prevent <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Visual Basic</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> and <a href="https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">JavaScript</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> scripts from executing potentially malicious downloaded content <a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/microsoft-365/security/defender-endpoint/attack-surface-reduction"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[52]</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">.</td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1045"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1045</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1045"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Code Signing</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Where possible, only permit execution of signed scripts.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1042</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1042"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable or Remove Feature or Program</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Disable or remove any unnecessary or unused shells or interpreters.</td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1038"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1038</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1038"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Execution Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Use application control where appropriate. For example, PowerShell Constrained Language mode can be used to restrict access to sensitive or otherwise dangerous language elements such as those used to execute arbitrary Windows APIs or files (e.g., <span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(28, 34, 38); background-color: rgb(230, 230, 230); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Add-Type<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">).<a href="https://devblogs.microsoft.com/powershell/powershell-constrained-language-mode/"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[53]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:42.25pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1033"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1033</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1033"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit Software Installation</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Prevent user installation of unrequired command and scripting interpreters.</td></tr><tr style="height:94pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1026"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">When PowerShell is necessary, consider restricting PowerShell execution policy to administrators. Be aware that there are methods of bypassing the PowerShell execution policy, depending on environment configuration.<a href="https://www.netspi.com/blog/technical-blog/network-penetration-testing/15-ways-to-bypass-the-powershell-execution-policy/"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[54]</a><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">PowerShell JEA (Just Enough Administration) may also be used to sandbox administration and limit what commands admins/users can execute through remote PowerShell sessions.<a href="https://learn.microsoft.com/powershell/scripting/learn/remoting/jea/overview?view=powershell-7.3"><span style="font-size: 7pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[55]</a></td></tr><tr style="height:55.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1021"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1021</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1021"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Restrict Web-Based Content</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Script blocking extensions can help prevent the execution of scripts and HTA files that may commonly be used during the exploitation process. For malicious code served up through ads, adblockers can help prevent that code from executing in the first place.</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1083 - File and Directory Discovery<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1497 - Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features.<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1056 - Input Capture<span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">This type of attack technique cannot be easily mitigated with preventive controls since it is based on the abuse of system features. <span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1105 - Ingress Tool Transfer <div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr style="height:37.75pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:bottom;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</td></tr><tr style="height:82pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><a href="https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/M1031"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</a></td><td style="border-left:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-right:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-bottom:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;border-top:solid #dfdfdf 0.8333325pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#f2f2f2;padding:5pt 5pt 5pt 5pt;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network intrusion detection and prevention systems that use network signatures to identify traffic for specific adversary malware or unusual data transfer over known protocols like FTP can be used to mitigate activity at the network level. Signatures are often for unique indicators within protocols and may be based on the specific obfuscation technique used by a particular adversary or tool, and will likely be different across various malware families and versions. Adversaries will likely change tool C2 signatures over time or construct protocols in such a way as to avoid detection by common defensive tools.<a href="https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1408/1408.1136.pdf"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(79, 124, 172); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[553]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div>