Dust Specter Targets Iraqi Officials with SPLITDROP and GHOSTFORM Malware

IranIraqGovernmentSocial EngineeringCustom MalwareAI-Assisted Development

A suspected Iran-nexus threat actor, tracked as Dust Specter, has been conducting sophisticated social engineering campaigns against Iraqi government officials since January 2026. The operation impersonates Iraq's Ministry of Foreign Affairs to deliver previously unknown malware families including SPLITDROP, TWINTASK, TWINTALK, and GHOSTFORM. The campaign demonstrates advanced evasion techniques, compromised Iraqi government infrastructure for payload staging, and potential use of generative AI in malware development.

Indicators of Compromise

Domains (8)

onlinepettools.shopweb14.infolecturegenieltd.proweb27.infothis.ismeetingapp.sitegirlsbags.shopafterworld.store

Hashes (36)

aa887d32eb9467abba263920e55d6abe809139c237c4062baecab43570060d67b8254efd859f5420f1ce4060e4796c0819ab3fd2800f62a47bf13a4cc4e4c124a7561eb023bb2c4025defcfe758d8ac27f17fa22feaced1a16d4d39c545cdb16b19add5ccaa17a1308993e6f3f786b0663702bd6422ec2d5678d4487146ea434d5ddf40ba2506c57d3087d032d733e0878275f3fc7e209b85bff6a6f99acc68a70a9b537b9b7e1b410576d798e6c50438f44262afaa171b78fc9be20a0fb0071682c043443cb81b6c2fde8c5df43333f5d1fec53369b56a89b2fce2cbdc36f5a23bdec6067242911ad97e1bba1d040a237727afdb2787d6867d72b748621be9e1aa730d1ac8eb06fa8f66d9da70ff293df04e36c106691f9fe88e5798e4ae86438bd4f1dcb1760c90fb6c399e0125c7aa793efe37c4ce533c79c261457def606c3393dde77c82832a5c0ded3c7dff3a0675f330feb9a7c469f8340369451d122+16 more

IPv4 (1)

5.62.147.91

Notes

<span id="docs-internal-guid-b56c4f80-7fff-9b09-90cc-fe75d7566ade"><h3 style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">CONCLUSION</span></h3><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">The Dust Specter campaign represents a sophisticated evolution in Iran-nexus threat actor capabilities, demonstrating advanced social engineering, custom malware development, and operational security measures. The use of compromised Iraqi government infrastructure and potential AI-assisted development indicates significant resources and technical sophistication. Organizations should implement comprehensive detection mechanisms focusing on DLL sideloading, suspicious network communications, and social engineering attempts impersonating government entities.</span></p><div><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br></span></div></span>

Mitigation

<span id="docs-internal-guid-aa6eaaca-7fff-1e8f-b855-3d8a6076408e"><h3 style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">MITIGATION</span></h3><h3 style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1566.001 - Spearphishing Attachment</span></h3><br><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr style="height:0pt;"><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></th><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></th><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="height:0pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1049</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Antivirus/Antimalware</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Deploy endpoint protection solutions capable of detecting and blocking malicious attachments and executables</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:0pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1031</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Network Intrusion Prevention</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Implement network-based detection for suspicious C2 communications and geofencing bypass attempts</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:0pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1017</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Training</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Educate users about social engineering tactics impersonating government entities</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></p><h3 style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1055 - Process Injection</span></h3><br><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr style="height:0pt;"><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></th><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></th><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="height:0pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1040</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Behavior Prevention on Endpoint</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Deploy behavioral analysis tools to detect DLL sideloading and process injection techniques</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:0pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1026</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Privileged Account Management</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Limit user privileges to prevent unauthorized DLL loading and system modifications</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></p><h3 style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:12pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 700; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">T1053.005 - Scheduled Task/Job</span></h3><br><div style="margin-left:0pt;" align="left"><table style="border:none;border-collapse:collapse;"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr style="height:0pt;"><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">ID</span></p></th><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Mitigation</span></p></th><th style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-weight: 400; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></p></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr style="height:0pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1028</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Operating System Configuration</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Monitor and restrict scheduled task creation through Group Policy</span></p></td></tr><tr style="height:0pt;"><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">M1018</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">User Account Management</span></p></td><td style="border-left:solid #000000 1pt;border-right:solid #000000 1pt;border-bottom:solid #000000 1pt;border-top:solid #000000 1pt;vertical-align:top;background-color:#efefef;overflow:hidden;overflow-wrap:break-word;"><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Implement least privilege principles to limit task scheduling capabilities</span></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><br><p style="line-height:1.2;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:11.25pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></p><div><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br></span></div></span>