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LOW

CVE-2026-54696

CVE-2026-54696 — Ruby JSON: JSON generator heap buffer overflow when streaming to an IO

Ruby JSON is a JSON implementation for Ruby. Versions 2.9.0 through 2.19.8 are vulnerable to heap buffer overflow when the JSON generator is provided with an oversized streamed object. When streaming to an IO JSON.dump(obj, io) and JSON::State#generate(obj, io) can write past the internal JSON generator buffer when a streamed object contains an attacker-controlled string near 16 KB. Exploitation would result in a reliable process crash/denial of service. This issue has been fixed in version 2.19.9.

Published Updated Sources: cvelistV5, GitHub_M

Triage

Is it exploited, how likely is exploitation, what does it touch, and how severe do the scoring sources call it.

Exploitation

Unreported

no source claims exploitation

EPSS

0%

chance of exploitation in 30 days

Affects

ruby

json

CVSS base

3.7

LOW

CISA SSVC assessment

Three decision points CISA publishes for the CVEs it assesses · SSVC 2.0.3. A stakeholder decision, not a severity score.

CISA

Exploitation

PoC

none · proof-of-concept · active

Automatable

No

can an attacker script all four kill-chain steps

Technical impact

Partial

partial · total control of the vulnerable component

Affected scope

The catalog records vendors and products as separate lists, not pairs, so which product belongs to which vendor is not something this page can say.

Vendors (1)

ruby

Products (1)

json

Every base score collected

Sources score independently and disagree; each row says who scored it and under which version.

ScoreVersionSeverityExpl.ImpactSource
3.7CVSS 3.1LOW——cvelistV5

Weakness & attack patterns

  • CWE-122
  • CWE-131
  • CWE-787

Detection

Read off the CVSS vector and the weakness class. Starting points, not rules we have tested.

  • Search application, proxy, and WAF logs for requests touching /denial.

References

2 on the record

Elsewhere on this site

  • rubyevery CVE for this vendor
  • CWE-122other pages naming this weakness

Not in any source we poll

Listed rather than left blank: an empty field and an unmeasured one look identical on screen, and only one is a reason to look elsewhere.

  • No confirmed IOCs, IP addresses, domains, file hashes, or malware artifacts supplied.
  • No organization-specific asset inventory, compensating-control status, or patch deployment evidence supplied.
  • No exploit packet captures, log samples, or incident case IDs supplied.