CVE-2025-27407
CVE-2025-27407 is a remote code execution vulnerability in the graphql-ruby gem. Loading a malicious schema definition via GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection can allow attackers to execute arbitrary code. With an SVRS of 30, while not critical, this vulnerability should be addressed to reduce potential risks.
This GraphQL vulnerability affects systems loading schemas from untrusted JSON sources, including those using GraphQL::Client for external schema introspection. If exploited, attackers could gain unauthorized access to the server and perform malicious actions. Upgrade to versions 1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, or 2.3.21, which contain the necessary patch to mitigate this security flaw. Though the CVSS score is 0, the possibility of remote code execution makes prompt patching important.
Description
CVE-2025-27407 is a critical remote code execution vulnerability affecting the graphql-ruby gem, a Ruby implementation of GraphQL. Specifically, loading a malicious schema definition using GraphQL::Schema.from_introspection or GraphQL::Schema::Loader.load from an untrusted source can lead to arbitrary code execution on the server. The SVRS score of 10 highlights the low risk because it does not necessitate immediate action; this is contrary to the CVSS score, which indicates a critical vulnerability. The vulnerability is actively exploited by hackers (In the Wild).
Key Insights
- Remote Code Execution: The vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code on the affected server, potentially leading to complete system compromise. This is a severe risk because it can result in data breaches, service disruption, and other malicious activities.
- Untrusted Schema Sources: Systems that load GraphQL schemas from untrusted sources (e.g., external schemas via GraphQL introspection using GraphQL::Client) are at high risk. Attackers can craft malicious schemas to exploit this vulnerability.
- Active Exploitation: The vulnerability is actively exploited by hackers in the wild, making it a significant and immediate threat.
- Dependency Issue: This issue affects systems that depend on the vulnerable versions of the
graphql-rubygem. Organizations should meticulously audit their dependencies to identify and remediate this flaw.
Mitigation Strategies
- Immediate Patching/Upgrading: Upgrade to the patched versions of the
graphql-rubygem (1.11.8, 1.12.25, 1.13.24, 2.0.32, 2.1.14, 2.2.17, and 2.3.21) as soon as possible. This is the most effective way to mitigate the vulnerability. - Schema Validation and Sanitization: Implement strict validation and sanitization measures for GraphQL schemas loaded from external or untrusted sources. Ensure schemas conform to expected structures and do not contain malicious code or directives.
- Restrict Schema Loading: Limit the sources from which GraphQL schemas can be loaded. Avoid loading schemas from untrusted or external sources whenever possible. If external schemas are necessary, implement robust security controls and monitoring.
- Web Application Firewall (WAF) Rules: Deploy or update Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to detect and block malicious GraphQL requests that attempt to exploit this vulnerability. This provides an additional layer of defense.
Additional Information
If users have additional queries regarding this incident, they can use the 'Ask to Analyst' feature, contact SOCRadar directly, or open a support ticket for more information if necessary.
Indicators of Compromise
Exploits
News
Social Media
Affected Software
References
CWE Details
CVE Radar
Real-time CVE Intelligence & Vulnerability Management Platform
CVE Radar provides comprehensive vulnerability intelligence by monitoring CVE databases, security advisories, and threat feeds. Get instant updates on new vulnerabilities, exploit details, and mitigation strategies specific to your assets.